臭氧氧化-循环喷淋法处理钨钼选矿废水

采用臭氧氧化-循环喷淋法去除钨钼选矿废水中COD,研究了pH值、臭氧流量、循环频率对COD去除效果的影响。结果表明: 废水COD去除率随pH值、臭氧流量、循环频率增大而增加,在pH值为10、臭氧流量3.0 L/min、循环频率4.0次/min条件下,氧化120 min后废水COD含量由131 mg/L降至11.5 mg/L,COD去除率达91.2%,满足《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)一级标准。与O₂、NaClO处理废水COD的对比试验结果表明,循环喷淋法结合O₃表现出较好的COD去除效果。     

Betel Nut Arecoline Induces Different Phases of Growth Arrest between Normal and Cancerous Prostate Cells through the Reactive Oxygen Species Pathway

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a reproductive system cancer in elderly men. We investigated the effects of betel nut arecoline on the growth of normal and cancerous prostate cells. Normal RWPE-1 prostate epithelial cells, androgen-independent PC-3 PCa cells, and androgen-dependent LNCaP PCa cells were used. Arecoline inhibited their growth in dose- and time-dependent manners. Arecoline caused RWPE-1 and PC-3 cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and LNCaP cell arrest in the G0/G1 phase. In RWPE-1 cells, arecoline increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-1, p21, and cyclins B1 and D3, decreased the expression of CDK2, and had no effects on CDK4 and cyclin D1 expression. In PC-3 cells, arecoline decreased CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, p21, p27, and cyclin D1 and D3 protein expression and increased cyclin B1 protein expression. In LNCaP cells, arecoline decreased CDK2, CDK4, and cyclin D1 expression; increased p21, p27, and cyclin D3 expression; had no effects on CDK1 and cyclin B1 expression. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine blocked the arecoline-induced increase in reactive oxygen species production, decreased cell viability, altered the cell cycle, and changed the cell cycle regulatory protein levels. Thus, arecoline oxidant exerts differential effects on the cell cycle through modulations of regulatory proteins.     

HVOF喷涂WC-12Co粒子沉积行为分析

目的 研究不同超音速火焰喷涂条件下WC-12Co粒子在45^#碳钢基体上的沉积变形行为。方法 基于Johnson-Cook塑性材料模型与Thermal-Isotropy-Phase-Change热材料模型，采用LS-DYNA进行建模分析。结果 不同喷涂参数下，WC-12Co粒子在45^#碳钢基体上的沉积行为存在明显差异。沉积过程中，粒子等效塑性应变幅度高于基体;粒子边缘位置等效塑性应变幅度高于粒子中心轴线位置;粒子初始速度与初始温度的增加有助于提升结合界面温度与粒子扁平化程度;粒子初始温度与粒子初始速度对接触界面能量变化影响程度基本一致，单位粒子初始速度与温度提升的能量贡献比 分别为0.78以及0.76，二者的能量贡献比近似相同;适度的基体预热( =500 K)可以促进粒子变形，加深沉积坑深度，增大粒子与基体的结合面积，有助于提升粒子与基体之间的结合强度。基体过冷( =300 K)将导致粒子“翘曲”，降低粒子与基体之间的结合面积，基体过热( =600 K)将导致二者结合处于不稳定状态，易引起粒子剥落，二者均不利于粒子与基体的有效结合。结论 一定范围内提升粒子初始速度、温度与基体初始温度，可以提高粒子扁平化程度，增大粒子与基体结合面积，提升粒子与基体的结合性能，进一步提高涂层质量。     

电流驰豫法测试氧化镧掺杂的氧化铈中氧离子迁移

采用甘氨酸-硝酸盐法(GNP)合成了Ce0.65La0.35O1.825(LDC)粉末,在1400℃下烧结10 h得到陶瓷试样,用XRD和SEM表征了样品的物相和表面形貌。用直流电场测试了试样在不同温度下的电流驰豫现象,并计算了不同温度下试样中迁移氧离子数目和材料直流电导率。结果表明,在固态电解质材料中突然施加强电场,可迁移离子基本都发生了位置偏移,但极少部分可以产生长程迁移。随着温度的升高,样品中发生迁移的氧离子数目增加,但都远小于氧空位总量。迁移氧离子数目与温度之间满足阿累尼乌斯公式,其迁移活化能为0.83 eV。     

High-performance oxygen transport membrane reactors integrated with IGCC for carbon capture

Precombustion carbon capture is an effective strategy to reduce large-scale CO₂ emissions, which is mainly used in the area of integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants. Oxygen transport membranes (OTMs) were suggested as the air separation unit to produce high purity oxygen for the gasifier. However, the improvement in efficiency was limited. Here, a new IGCC process is reported based on a robust OTM reactor, where the OTM reactor is used behind the coal gasifier. This IGCC-OTM process fulfills syngas oxidation, H₂ production, and carbon capture in one unit, thus a significant decrease of the energy penalty is expectable. The membrane reactor does not use noble metal components, and exhibits high hydrogen production rates, high hydrogen separation factor (10³–10⁴), and stable performance in a gas mixture mimicking real syngas compositions from a coal gasifier with H₂S concentrations up to 1,000 ppm.     

NiMn2O4尖晶石氧化物阴极的制备及电化学性能研究

高性能阴极材料的开发对推动中温固体氧化物燃料电池（intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells, IT-SOFCs）的发展具有重要意义。本文采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了尖晶石型NiMn₂O₄（NMO）电子-离子混合导体材料，并作为IT-SOFCs阴极进行了系统的研究，通过X射线衍射表征确定NMO材料呈稳定的立方相结构，并采用电导弛豫方法对其氧离子传导能力进行了研究。发现NMO具有优秀的氧离子传导能力，为其电化学性能提供了保障。对称电池的电化学阻抗谱测试结果表明，800℃时NMO阴极材料的界面电阻值为0.27 Ω·cm^-2，同时作为阳极支撑型SOFC的阴极材料进行放电时的最大功率密度可以达到864.9 mW·cm^-2。上述结果表明，NiMn₂O₄是一种极具潜力的IT-SOFCs阴极材料。     

MOF-derived multi-metal embedded N-doped carbon sheets rich in CNTs as efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts for rechargeable ZABs

The rational design and preparation of bifunctional electrocatalysts with pleasant oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance is crucial for extensive commercial applications of rechargeable Zn–air batteries (ZABs). Herein, we report a simple method to obtain multi-metal (Fe, Ni, Zn) embedded in N-doped carbon sheets entangled with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as superior oxygen electrocatalysts (FeNi-NCS-2). The resultant FeNi-NCS-2 exhibits an impressive electrochemical performance, providing a reversible oxygen overpotential as low as 0.758 V. The ZAB with FeNi-NCS-2 as the air cathode shows a promising capacity of 639.71 mAh g^?1 at 20 mA cm^?2, a power density of 109.8 mW cm^?2 and cycling stability of over 130 cycles at 10 mA cm^?2 with an energy efficiency of about 55%, superior to the ZAB based on Pt/C–IrO₂. The satisfactory electrocatalytic performance is mainly due to the Fe, Ni-based nanoparticles protected by graphitic carbon layers, hierarchical porous lamellar structures that promote the accessibility between the active centers and the electrolyte as well as self-growing tangled carbon nanotubes that provide fast transmission channels. This study presents a facile way for the synthesis of highly efficient ORR/OER bifunctional electrocatalysts for high-performance rechargeable ZABs.     

铁死亡的机制及其在淋巴瘤中的研究进展

淋巴瘤是常见的血液系统恶性肿瘤，对人类健康造成极大的威胁。目前淋巴瘤的治疗方法包括化疗、分子靶向治疗、造血干细胞移植等，但耐药和复发难治仍是待解决的问题。铁死亡是新发现的一种细胞死亡模式，与铁依赖性的脂质过氧化损伤相关。靶向铁死亡为抑制淋巴瘤进展提供了新思路。本文从铁死亡的起始信号、中间事件、效应阶段、防御机制来阐述铁死亡的机制并回顾了铁死亡在淋巴瘤中的研究进展，为铁死亡在淋巴瘤治疗方法的应用方面提供新的思路。     

多层介质膜脉宽压缩光栅清洗方法研究

采用SPM (Sulfuric-Peroxide Mixtures, 98wt%H₂SO₄+30wt%H₂O₂)+兆声(方法1)和氧等离子体+HPM (Hydrochloric/Peroxide Mixture, 37wt%HCl+30wt%H₂O₂+DIH₂O)+兆声(方法2)两种清洗方法对多层介质膜脉宽压缩光栅进行清洗, 并对清洗前后样品的表面元素含量、衍射效率、表面粗糙度、表面温升以及激光损伤阈值等参数进行测量以评估两种清洗方法清洗效果。在入射角70°, 脉宽12 ns, s偏振, 波长1064 nm的激光辐照下, 经过清洗方法1清洗后的光栅样品单脉冲激光损伤阈值为7.55 J/cm ², 而方法2清洗后的样品损伤阈值为5.32 J/cm ²。另外, 虽然经过方法2清洗后样品表面杂质含量更低, 但是在衍射效率、表面粗糙度和表面温升都劣于经方法1清洗后的样品, 进一步分析发现方法2中氧等离子体清洗过程引入的Fe元素影响了其样品损伤性能和温升性能。因此, SPM清洗方法可以作为多层介质膜脉宽压缩光栅提升抗激光损伤性能的优化清洗方案。